I. Project Overview

The clean operating department of Shunde First People's Hospital is located on the sixth floor of Building 3; the equipment floor is located on top of the operating floor, which was originally an open-air rooftop, on which a machine room was later built with colored steel sandwich panels. The original floor height of the sixth floor was 3.2m, and it was later raised by 1m, bringing the floor height to 4.2m.

The clean operating department has a total of 15 operating rooms (including 2 X-ray-shielded operating rooms) together with corresponding functional rooms and corridors, among which there are 2 Class I operating rooms, 6 Class II operating rooms, 4 Class III operating rooms, and 3 Class IV operating rooms.

The project has passed completion acceptance, the acceptance tests were qualified, and it has been put into operation.

II. Floor Plan Layout

The purification project of the clean operating department of Shunde First People's Hospital consists of clean operating rooms and corresponding functional auxiliary rooms. The internal floor plan layout and corridor configuration of the clean operating department conform to the principles of short and direct functional flow and clear separation of clean and dirty areas.

The design scheme adopts a double-corridor layout. The inner corridor is a clean corridor for the passage of patients and clean supplies. The outer corridor is a dirty corridor for waste recovery. Patients enter the clean corridor after transferring gurneys at the elevator hall. Medical staff enter the clean corridor after changing clothes in the gowning and shoe-changing room.

The building of this project has an L-shaped architectural form, so the operating rooms can be arranged in two units; the intersection of the L shape forms the traffic hub of the entire operating department, serving as the connection point between the two units. The main entrance and the nurses' station of the operating department are designed at this hub location, so that patients can be diverted right at the main entrance, while the nurses' station is particularly convenient for overall management, providing very rapid access to the operating rooms of both units. Another feature lies in the structural design of the building: the columns are neatly aligned and the bays between columns are spacious, so that the net area of some operating rooms reaches over 30m², while the net area of another group of operating rooms can reach over 40m².

III. Air-Conditioning and Purification System

The purification system project of the clean operating department of Shunde First People's Hospital adopts a total of 19 super-hygiene type medical purification air handling units. All classes of clean operating rooms adopt the configuration of one air handling unit per operating room. Among them, one contaminated operating room is provided with a positive-negative pressure conversion function and has two operating modes: partial return air and full fresh air. The clean corridors and clean auxiliary rooms are additionally equipped with 4 air handling units according to their locations and zoning. This configuration gives each operating room maximum flexibility in use.

The air-conditioning system adopts the primary return air and self-intake fresh air scheme. A first-stage primary filter is installed on the fresh air louver of each unit as pre-filtration treatment for the fresh air, and variable air volume regulating valves are installed on each fresh air duct to independently regulate and control the fresh air volume of each system.

To adapt to the long-lasting humid and hot climate of South China, the air handling units used in this project are all equipped with direct-cooling dehumidification and reheating units, so as to better control indoor humidity. The functional sections of the air handling units are configured as follows: mixing section, fan section, flow equalizing section, primary and medium-efficiency filtration sections, and surface cooling, dehumidification, heating, humidification, and air outlet section.

In addition, to accommodate the fact that the air-conditioning operating conditions and usage characteristics of operating rooms differ from those of general civil air conditioning, this project deliberately provided independent cooling and heating source units for the air-conditioning system of the clean operating department, using multiple air-cooled heat pump units to supply the cooling and heating sources for the air-conditioning system of the entire clean operating department. This configuration not only ensures the quality of the cooling and heating source supply for the air-conditioning system of the clean operating department, but also ensures the independence and reliability of its operation.

In order to centrally monitor and control the air-conditioning system of the entire clean operating department, a central monitoring station for the air-conditioning system was set up at the nurses' station of the operating department. Using WINCC operating software, it can centrally monitor and control the operating status, fault status, and filter clogging conditions of each air-conditioning system in the entire operating department, making operation and maintenance clear at a glance and very convenient.

A dedicated machine room was set up on the floor above the operating floor, used for the installation of the air handling units of the operating rooms and the installation of other equipment, Setting up a dedicated machine room on the floor above the operating rooms allows the system ductwork to be relatively short, with low resistance and energy-saving operation, and the maintenance of the entire system is also more convenient.

The system's cooling and heating source supply adopts a mechanical circulation two-pipe system, and humidification is provided by an electrode humidifier.

IV. Indoor Air Distribution

The clean operating rooms adopt an air distribution pattern of top supply and bottom return, in which Class I operating rooms adopt vertical laminar flow, while Class II and Class III operating rooms adopt turbulent flow according to their air change volume. The system installs a supply air plenum above the operating table in each operating room, with H14-grade HEPA filters arranged on both sides of the plenum as terminal supply air filters. After being filtered by the HEPA filters, the air is delivered into the plenum, then evenly discharged downward through the damping mesh beneath the plenum, and returns to the air handling unit for reprocessing through return air inlets installed at the lower part around the operating room. At the designed air change rate, air continuously undergoes filtration treatment by the system, ensuring that the cleanliness within the operating room is above the design requirements.

To exhaust the disinfectant gases, anesthetic gases and unpleasant odors accumulated in the operating rooms, each operating room is independently equipped with a clean exhaust system, with the exhaust outlet located at the top of the operating room on the patient's head side.

V. Surgical Department Drawings

The floor plan of the clean operating room is shown in Figure 1, and the floor plan, zoning diagram and flow diagram of the clean surgical department are shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4.

Figure 1　Floor Plan of the Third Clean Operating Room of the First People's Hospital of Shunde City Figure 2 Floor Plan of the Clean Operating Department of Shunde First People's Hospital Legend: Class Ⅰ Operating Room Class Ⅱ Operating Room Class Ⅲ Operating Room Class Ⅳ Auxiliary Room Class Ⅲ Auxiliary Room Class Ⅳ Auxiliary Room

Figure 3 Zoning Diagram of the Clean Operating Department of Shunde First People's Hospital Figure 4 Flow Chart of the Clean Operating Department of Shunde First People's Hospital